What is the primary feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder?

The primary feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts, also known as obsessions, and/or repetitive behaviors, referred to as compulsions. Individuals with OCD experience intrusive thoughts that cause significant anxiety or distress. To mitigate this anxiety, they may engage in compulsive behaviors or rituals, which are performed in a repetitive and often time-consuming manner. This cycle of obsessions leading to compulsions is central to the disorder, distinguishing it from other mental health conditions.

In contrast, intense fear of social interactions relates more closely to social anxiety disorder rather than OCD. Vivid flashbacks are a symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder, involving re-experiencing traumatic events rather than the obsessive-compulsive pattern. Episodes of intense discomfort might describe symptoms found in various anxiety disorders but do not capture the hallmark features of both obsessions and compulsions seen in OCD.