What characterizes positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are characterized by the presence of abnormal behaviors or experiences that are not typically found in the general population. Specifically, these symptoms include hallucinations—perceptions that occur without external stimuli, such as hearing voices—and delusions—strongly held false beliefs that are resistant to contrary evidence. These symptoms signify an excess or distortion of normal functioning, which is a key aspect of the positive symptoms in this mental health condition.

The presence of hallucinations and delusions stands in contrast to negative symptoms, which involve a lack or decrease of normal functions, such as emotional expression or motivation. Understanding the distinction between positive symptoms and other potential symptoms is crucial for identifying and treating schizophrenia effectively.